原发布者:超等缄默的小白
四级语法一：时态：所谓的"时态"，就是时间+形态。谓语动词的时态见下表：1．主动形式2．被动形式CET-4常考的三种时态：过往 完成时；未来完成时；（如今/过往 ）完成停止时。时间状语从句傍边的时态：一般过往 时所有的过往 用一般如今时表达 如今和未来如今完成时如今完成和未来完成一．非谓语动词一．不定式：一）不定式的常考形式：1)一般形式：Hedecidedtoworkharderinordertocatchupwiththeothers.被动形式:Hepreferredtobeassignedsomeheavierworktodo.语法功用：表达 与谓语动词同步发作2)完成形式：Hepretendednottohaveseenme.被动形式：Thebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintomanylanguages.语法功用：表达 发作在谓语动词之前二）不定式常考的考点：1）不定式做定语----将要发作2）不定式做状语----目标3）不定式充任名词功用---Toseeistobelieve.三)不定式的省略1)感官动词see,watch,observe,notice,lookat,hear,listento,smell,taste,feel+do 表达 动做的完全 性，实在性；+doing表达 动做的持续性，停止性 Isawhimworkinthegardenyesterday. 今天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"那个事实) Isawhimworkinginthegardenyesterday. 今天我见他正在花园里干活。（强调"我见他正干活"那个动做）感官动词后面接描述词
大学英语四级对语法的要求英语四级语法要求 ：
能识别词类；区分名词的可数性和不成数性，可数名词的单复数形式；根本掌握 各类代词的形式与用法；基数词和序数词、常用介词和连词、描述词和 副词的句法功用、比力级和更高级的构成及根本句型、冠词的一般用法；领会 动词的次要品种、时态、语态及不定式和分词的根本用法、句子品种、根本句 型和根本构词法。掌握 主谓一致关系、表语从句、宾语从句、关系分句和状语 从句等句型、间接引语和间接引语的用法、动词不定式和分词的用法、各类时 态、主动语态、被动语态和构词法，还应该娴熟 掌握 主语从句、同位语从句、倒拆句和各类前提句。
拓展材料：
1.名词：可数及不成数名词；笼统、专有、物量名词的数；'s 属格的各类意义；某些以-s 结尾的名词的数；集体名词的数。
2. 限制词：限制词与三类名词的搭配关系；限制词与限制词的搭配关系；冠词的类指、特指和独指；冠词的习习用法； some, any 和 no 的用法。
3. 代词：不定代词one, some, anyone 及不定代词one, they, we, you, he的用法；物主代词，非人称代词的用法；反身代词及其他动词宾语的用法。
4. 动词的时和体：一般如今时，如今停止时，如今完成体；一般过往 时，过往 停止时，过往 完成体；未来时，过往 未来时等的各类表达法和用法；情态动词的各类用法；虚拟式，被动态的用法；不定式和不定式分句，-ing 分词和_ing分句、 _ed分词和 _ed分句的用法。
5. 定语从句，名词性从句（包罗宾语、主语、表语、同位语从句等）；状语从句（包罗时间、原因、目标、成果、体例、前提、让步等状语从句）。
6. 间接引语，间接引语，并列构造，隶属构造（包罗独立构造，无动词分句，非限制分句和限制分句的转换）；描述词和副词的比力级、更高级；介词与介词词组；附加疑问句；存在句；主谓一致；后置、前置与倒拆；省略。 从2005年起头，语法与词汇部门恢复为30道试题，标题问题中约50%为词汇。
英语四级，即CET-4，College English Test Band 4的缩写，是由国度教导 部高档教导 司主持的全国性教学测验。测验的次要对象是根据 教导 纲领修完大学英语四级的在校大学本科生或研究生。大学英语四、六项原则 化测验自1986岁暮起头筹备，1987年正式施行。
英语四级测验目标是鞭策大学英语教学纲领的贯彻施行，对大学生的英语才能停止客看 、准确 的丈量，为进步我国大学英语课程的教学量量办事。国度教导 部拜托 “全国大学英语四、六级测验委员会”（1993年前名为“大学英语四、六项原则 化测验设想组”）负责设想、组织、治理 与施行大学英语四、六级测验。
就所测试的语言才能而言，试点阶段的四级测验由以下四个部门构成：1)听力理解；2)阅读理解；3)完型填空或改错；4)写做和翻译。
听力理解部门分值比例为35%；此中听力对话15%，听力短文20%。听力对话部门包罗短对话和长对话的听力理解；听力短文部门包罗抉择 题型的短文理解和复合式听写。
阅读理解部门分值比例为35%；此中认真阅读部门25%，快速阅读部门10%。认真阅读部门分为：a)抉择 题型的篇章阅读理解；b)篇章条理的词汇理解或短句问答。快速阅读理解部门测试的是阅读阅读和查读才能。
完型填空或改错部门分值比例为10%。完型填空部门摘 用多项抉择 题型，改错部门的要求是辨认错误并纠正 。
写做和翻译部门分值比例为20%；此中写做部门15%，翻译部门5%。写做的体裁包罗论说文、阐明 文、利用 文等，翻译部门测试的是句子、短语或常用表达条理上的中译英才能。
大学英语四六级--百度百科
大学英语四级常用的语法
有关大学英语四级常用的语法精选
大学英语四级常用语法精选(12)
Ⅴ 连词
并列连词
表达 意义的引申: and, both…and, not only…but(also), as well as, and …as well, neither…nor
表达 抉择 : or, either…or
表达 转折: but, while, whereas, yet, however/nevertheless(也可认为是副词)
表达 因果: for, so, therefore, hence
隶属连词
表达 时间: when, while, as, after, before, since, until(till), as soon as, once
表达 原因: because, as, since, now that, seeing that
表达 前提: if, unless, in case, provided(that), suppose, as long as, on condition (that),
表达 其他关系: (al)though, than, as/so…as, lest, in order that, so…that
Ⅵ 定语从句
限造和非限造性定语从句: 限造性定语从句是名词词组不成贫乏的一个构成部门, 往 掉了会形成病句或意义不明白; 非限造性定语从句属于填补 阐明 性量, 往 掉了不会影响次要意义, 凡是用逗号与它的先行词分隔.
The boys who wanted to play football were disappointed when it rained.
The boys, who wanted to play football, were disappointed when it rained.
假设 定语从句的先行词是专有名词, 或是带有描述词性物主代词(my, his, etc)或描述词性指示代词(this, that, etc)做限制词, 其后的定语从句凡是都长短限造性的:
Mary Smith, who is in the corner, wants to meet you.
Her mother, who had long suffered form arthritis, died last night.
All these books, which have been donated by visiting professors, are to be used by the postgraduates.
在非限造性定语从句中只能用who/whom指人, 用which指物,凡是不消that替代.
My father, who had been on a visit to America, returned yesterday.
All the books, which had pictures in them, were sent to the little girl.
定语从句的引导词
that, who, whom: 非限造性定语从句, 假设 润色人, 一般用who, 有时用that (做主语时用who较多). 假设 关系代词在从句中做宾语, 就应当用宾格 whom 或that, 但在大大都情状 下都能够省略掉, 在白话中可用who取代whom.
Here is the man (whom) you've been looking for.
He is a man (that) you can safely depend on.
The people (who/that) you were talking to were Swedes.
There are some people here who I want you to meet.
但在介词后只能用whom:
This is the man to whom I referred.
但在白话中一般都把介词放到句子后面往 , 那时可用that, 但省略时更多一些.
Have you met the person about whom he was speaking?
Have you met the person (that) he was speaking about
The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin.
The girl (who/that) I spoke to is my cousin.
限造性定语从句假设 润色“物”, 用关系代词that的时候较多, 也有时用which.. 当那个代词在从句中是用做宾语时, 在绝大大都情状 下都是省略的, 特殊 是白话中(出格 是当被润色的词是all, everything等词时):
Have you everything you need?
(Is there) anything I can do for you?
All you have to do is to press the button.
2016年大学英语四级语法批示 (4)
1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.
A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected
watch 看电视用，看角逐用; see 看片子用;
感官动词watch， see， hear; 感官动词 + 名词(代词)+ do
be erected 强调的是动做的成果; being erected 强调的是动做的过程。
2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.
A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off
give up 舍弃 ; give in 让步 ，让步; give off 释放，放出(烟和气体);
give away 泄露，透露风声;婚礼中新郎的父亲把新娘的手交给新郎的过程;赠予 礼物。
3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.
A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing
keep sb. + 分词; inform v. 通知，告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件工作
keep me informed 使我被告知。
4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
A after which B for which C with which D at which
fight with sb. (重视 要看整个句子); fight with + 东西 用该东西来兵戈。 fight for 为…而战。
I fight with him. 我和他打起来了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩对于她。
5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward
in spite of 虽然; carry on 对峙，陆续 。
6. I should like to rent a house， modern， comfortable and _B_ in a quiet neighborhood.
A all in all B above all C after all D over all
all in all 总而言之;above all 起首，出格 是;after all 事实 ，毕竟;overall 全面的'，总体的
in a word 总之，in short 简而言之，in conclusion 最初，总之，to sum up总之，总而言之。
7. _B_ we have finished the course， we shall start doing more revision work.
A For now B Now that C Ever since D By now
now that 既然，因为(相当 于since); ever since 自从…以来。
与that搭配且后面能够加句子的几个表达形式：
now that 既然，因为; in that 因为; except that 除…之外。
except后面加名词或代词;except that后面加句子。
8. What you have done is _D_ the doctor’s orders.
A attached to B responsible to C resistant to D contrary to
be attached to 毗连，从属; This school is attached to Beida. 那所学校从属于北大。
responsible to 对…负有责任; resistant adj. 对抗的，对抗 的; water resistant 防水的。
be contrary to 与。。相反(相违犯 )。
9. John regretted _A_ to the meeting last week.
A not going B not to go C not having been going D not to be going
regret doing 懊悔 做过某事; regret to do sth. 遗憾的做某事(利用 语境十分有限)。
10. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are _B_.
A out of work B out of stock C out of reach D out of practice
out of work 赋闲; out of reach 够不着 within reach 够得着; out of practice 欠缺 操练。
2016年大学英语四级语法批示 (3)
动名词的复合构造：但凡一个动词的后面能够加动名词，就能够加动名词的复合构造。
动做发出者 + 动名词;当动做发出者名字给出时：名词所有格 + 动名词;当动名词的复合构造在文章中呈现，且动做发出者在前文中提过时：描述词物主代词(宾格)+ 动名词。
描述词物主代词：his， her， my， your， their， our。代词宾格：him， her， me， you， us， them。
第二点：want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客看 需要或欠缺 。
例. Your hair wants _B_. You’d better have it done tomorrow.
A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut
重视 ：want doing 中doing表达 的是被动含义。
例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_.
A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned
第三点：mean 意味; mean to do sth. 诡计 做某事，意欲… ;mean doing 意味着，…的意思是…
例. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 招待 台]
A making B to make C to have made D having made
1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.
A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected
watch 看电视用，看角逐用; see 看片子用;
感官动词watch， see， hear; 感官动词 + 名词(代词)+ do
be erected 强调的是动做的成果; being erected 强调的是动做的过程。
2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.
A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off
give up 舍弃 ; give in 让步 ，让步; give off 释放，放出(烟和气体);
give away 泄露，透露风声;婚礼中新郎的父亲把新娘的手交给新郎的过程;赠予 礼物。
3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.
A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing
keep sb. + 分词; inform v. 通知，告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件工作
keep me informed 使我被告知。
4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
A after which B for which C with which D at which
fight with sb. (重视 要看整个句子); fight with + 东西 用该东西来兵戈。 fight for 为…而战。
I fight with him. 我和他打起来了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩对于她。
5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward
in spite of 虽然; carry on 对峙，陆续 。
2016年大学英语四级语法批示 (2)
短语部门没有独立主语，则短语构造称为非谓语动词。
非谓语动词的构造：分词(分词短语)
句子的主语决定非谓语动词中的分词是用主动仍是被动形式。假设 是句子的主语发出动做，则利用如今分词;假设 动做不是由句子的主语发出，则利用过往 分词。
1.No matter how frequently _A_， the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.
A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed
perform vt. 演出，表演，吹奏;
to be performed 将要被吹奏; being performed 正在被吹奏;
一些特殊 的动词：
第一点：forget 忘记; [反义] remember 记得;
那两个词后加动词不定式表达 将要停止的行为;那两个词后加动词ing形式表达 已经做过的工作。
重视 ：动名词与如今分词形式一样，但含义差别。那两个词后加动词ing形式都是动名词。
forget to do sth. 忘记要往 做某事; forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事;
remember to do sth. 记得要往 做某事; remember doing sth. 记得做过某事;
2. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble.
A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him
offer vt. 提出，供给; offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth.
him once offering 假设 改成 his once offering 也准确。
动名词的复合构造：但凡一个动词的后面能够加动名词，就能够加动名词的复合构造。
动做发出者 + 动名词;当动做发出者名字给出时：名词所有格 + 动名词;当动名词的复合构造在文章中呈现，且动做发出者在前文中提过时：描述词物主代词(宾格)+ 动名词。
描述词物主代词：his， her， my， your， their， our。代词宾格：him， her， me， you， us， them。
第二点：want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客看 需要或欠缺 。
例. Your hair wants _B_. You’d better have it done tomorrow.
A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut
1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.
A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected
watch 看电视用，看角逐用; see 看片子用;
感官动词watch， see， hear; 感官动词 + 名词(代词)+ do
be erected 强调的是动做的成果; being erected 强调的是动做的过程。
2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.
A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off
give up 舍弃 ; give in 让步 ，让步; give off 释放，放出(烟和气体);
give away 泄露，透露风声;婚礼中新郎的父亲把新娘的手交给新郎的过程;赠予 礼物。
3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.
A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing
keep sb. + 分词; inform v. 通知，告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件工作
keep me informed 使我被告知。
4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
A after which B for which C with which D at which
fight with sb. (重视 要看整个句子); fight with + 东西 用该东西来兵戈。 fight for 为…而战。
I fight with him. 我和他打起来了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩对于她。
5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward
in spite of 虽然; carry on 对峙，陆续 。
重视 ：want doing 中doing表达 的是被动含义。
例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_.
A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned
第三点：mean 意味; mean to do sth. 诡计 做某事，意欲… ;mean doing 意味着，…的意思是…
例. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 招待 台]
A making B to make C to have made D having made
2016年大学英语四级语法批示 (1)
非谓语动词与独立主格：短语，句子(或者句子，短语)
当短语部门有独立主语，而且该主语差别于句子主语，那时短语构造称为独立主格。(它最明显的特征 是短语部门有独立的主语)。
独立主格的构造1：名词(代词)+ 分词 [如今分词、过往 分词]
如今分词表达 主动的，正在停止的行为;过往 分词表达 被动的，已经完成的行为。 做题时要通过揣度 动做与名词(代词)之间的关系来确定是利用如今分词仍是过往 分词。当动做由名词(代词)发出时利用如今分词，而名词(代词)是受动者时则用过往 分词。
1. Silver is the best conductor of electricity， copper _B_ it closely.
A followed B following C to follow D being followed
2. All things _A_， the planned trip will have to be called off.
A considered B be considered C considering D having considered
call off 取缔 ; cancel vt. 取缔 ; 四级中的考点就是如今分词和过往 分词的区别。
独立主格的构造2：with + 名词(代词)+ 分词 [句子傍边做状语]
3. After the Arab states won independence， great emphasis was laid on expanding education， with girls as well as boys _C_ to go to school.
A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged
as well as 和(相当 于and); be encouraged不会考。
动词不定式有预示未来行为的含义。to be encouraged 将要被鼓舞 ;
been encouraged 已经被鼓舞 完了，与主句的谓语动词相对;being encouraged 正在被鼓舞
短语部门没有独立主语，则短语构造称为非谓语动词。
非谓语动词的构造：分词(分词短语)
句子的主语决定非谓语动词中的分词是用主动仍是被动形式。假设 是句子的主语发出动做，则利用如今分词;假设 动做不是由句子的主语发出，则利用过往 分词。
1.No matter how frequently _A_， the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.
A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed
perform vt. 演出，表演，吹奏;
to be performed 将要被吹奏; being performed 正在被吹奏;
一些特殊 的动词：
第一点：forget 忘记; [反义] remember 记得;
那两个词后加动词不定式表达 将要停止的行为;那两个词后加动词ing形式表达 已经做过的工作。
重视 ：动名词与如今分词形式一样，但含义差别。那两个词后加动词ing形式都是动名词。
forget to do sth. 忘记要往 做某事; forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事;
remember to do sth. 记得要往 做某事; remember doing sth. 记得做过某事;
2. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble.
A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him
offer vt. 提出，供给; offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth.
him once offering 假设 改成 his once offering 也准确。
2016大学英语四级听力10大常考场景总结（4）
场景四：购物
1.摘 购衣服
必备词汇表
size 型号 come in all sizes 号全
2.摘 购电器
必备词汇表
model 款 discount 折扣
latest technology 最新的科技 reduce 削减
;